As the target was approached, the left engine oil pressure began to drop (at Mach 3.2). As the SR-71 Blackbird started the precisely programmed right turn to avoid an overflight, the left engine oil pressure dropped to zero.
This story is the second part of the operation conducted by the SR-71 Blackbird team, consisting of Colonels Robert (Bob) Spencer and Richard (Butch) Sheffield, over Vladivostok to gather the SA-5 radar signals.
The story comes from Colonel Richard Sheffield, a former Reconnaissance Systems Officer (RSO) of the SR-71 Blackbird, and it is included in his unpublished book. This account was initially shared on the Facebook page Habubrats, managed by Linda Sheffield Miller, Colonel Sheffield’s daughter.
From Richard Sheffield’s unpublished book.
On Sep. 27, 1971, at about 10:30 pm local time, Colonels Spencer and Sheffield launched from Kadena Air Base (AB), Okinawa, Japan, in SR-71 Number 980. After an air-to-air refueling north of Okinawa, they accelerated to Mach 3.2 and about 80,000 feet. They proceeded via the East China Sea and the Sea of Japan to Vladivostok and the targeted SA-5 missile site. As the target was approached, the left engine oil pressure began to drop (at Mach 3.2). (The SR-71 is subject to extremely high structural temperatures due to air friction. With these excessive temperatures, the loss of engine oil pressure can result in catastrophic engine failure in a very short period of time. To preclude this, the engine must be shut down immediately).
As the SR-71 started the precisely programmed right turn to avoid an overflight, the left engine oil pressure dropped to zero. An immediate engine shutdown would cause a reduced bank angle and overflight of Vladivostok and also an extreme degradation in altitude. At the risk of engine disintegration and possible loss of the aircraft, the programmed escape turn was continued. Once mission success was achieved and departure from the SA-5 threat area was assured, the left engine was shut down, and a descent to a single-engine flight altitude of about 18,000 feet was begun. At this point, Japan afforded the nearest alternate base for recovery, but it was politically unacceptable. Because of strong headwinds and poor single-engine fuel performance, the only accessible, friendly base was Taegu, South Korea.
When Colonels Spencer and Sheffield approached Taegu, they had an emergency fuel situation. Upon contacting the tower, they were informed that the field was closed. Only after some animated conversation informing the tower operator that there was an RF-4 on one engine, nearly out of fuel, and about to crash, did the operator turn on the runway lights so the SR-71 could land.
When they landed at Taegu, the base commander showed up half-dressed in his car yelling, “What are you doing here?!” And Bob Spencer said, “What did you want me to do, ditch it?” Meaning the SR-71. In addition, when they landed, they looked out the window and saw all those people in kimonos with machine guns. Spencer said, “Butch, are you sure we’re in South Korea?”
Results:
When the intelligence analysts reviewed the data from the special ELINT recorder designed by the NSA and carried by the SR-71 crew during the mission, they found that the Soviets had reacted as anticipated. The electronic intelligence signal collection system carried on Colonel Spencer and Sheffield’s flight brought back the necessary SA-5 emissions to enable our electronics engineers to design an effective electronic warning and defense system to delude the Soviet SA-5 missile capability.
Authentication:
The accounts reflected in the above description of the mission flown on Sep. 27, 1971, are true and accurate. At the time this mission was flown, all SR-71 tactical activities were highly classified. We did not want the Soviets to know that we had collected the SA-5 signals. This made it impossible to submit the details of the flight in an award recommendation [that was effectively written by Colonel Hal Confer, 9th Strategic Reconnaissance Wing (SRW) Commander 1970-1972, and featured in part 1 of the story that you can read HERE]. This subject remained classified until after the time limit had passed for submitting the mission for an award.
The recent change in the award regulations now makes it possible to submit this very significant mission for the recognition it deserves.
Photo by U.S. Air Force and George Chernilevsky via Wikipedia
